The project of artificial general intelligence (AGI), which implements a wide range of cognitive phenomena, can be conveniently studied on the basis of a study of the complex Turing test. This test is aimed at solving the main question of the philosophy of artificial intelligence “Can a computer do everything?”, where the universal quantifier runs through private Turing tests that answer the following questions: can a computer understand, live, create, be aware, love, be friends, etc.? Issues arising during the development of an AGI project can be conveniently studied by explicating the seven functions of a complex test: communicative, interrogative, organizational, definitive, critical and constructive and constitutive functions.

The article considers the phenomenon of the influence of information and communication technologies on human life and the growth of the scale of this influence in the modern era, characterized by the ubiquity of the Internet. The research proves that the growth in the number of Internet users, intensification of human immersion in the network, improvement of Internet technologies, have led to significant changes in social life. The development of electronic services and provision of roundthe-clock access to them have led to a significant increase in online sales of almost all types of everyday goods. In addition, the continuous improvement of electronic devices with a wide range of opportunities for users has led to a qualitative development of the infrastructure of interaction with the Internet. Under these conditions, the information space forms conditions and opportunities for the creation and preservation of digital doubles of a human, partially or fully reflecting his or her physical and personal characteristics. As technologies develop, these digital doubles can become more independent and closer to their originals not only in the information space, but also in the physical world. In this regard, the author notes the threats of such development and argues for the need to carefully analyze the possible consequences of the widespread use of digital doubles in order to ensure that their development is for the benefit of human beings. 

The specific domain of e-commerce within computer services has been insufficiently explored as a distinct area of scholarly inquiry. It is typically subsumed under the broader umbrella of ICT services, a classification that complicates accurate statistical market assessments. Present static accounting methodologies provide only a roundabout means for estimating the scope of international trade activities within the computer service sector. This study engages in a comprehensive analysis of the nuances involved in accounting for the export and import of computer services. It examines the global practices of data gathering for statistical purposes, confronts classification dilemmas, and addresses the complexities of identifying the service delivery location and mode. The culmination of this analysis is a set of proposed enhancements to statistical accounting methods. For the sake of international comparisons, it is advisable to equate the cross-border e-commerce of computer services with the exportation of services through the first mode of cross-border supply, which constitutes approximately 75% of all exported computer services. The adoption of more granular tracking methodologies for cross-border transactions necessitates the creation of a standardized ontology at the international level. The urgency of establishing a definitive conceptual framework and performing a thorough market analysis for e-commerce is underscored by the need to fine-tune policy support measures, evaluate the export potential of emerging markets, propose exemptions for e-commerce from traditional trade regulations, implement fair taxation policies, avert discrimination in determining the tax base, promote statistical coherence, and sustain a consistent stance during international negotiations and disputes resolution.

Online education industry has been growing strongly in recent years. The market for educational platforms that provides access to online learning is growing every year. With the increasing growth of online course enrollment, the interest of researchers to study the effectiveness of online learning is increasing. This paper summarizes the results of a study of online courses on the Stepik educational platform. The courses selected for analysis were divided into three groups according to the parameter of learners’ “reachability” to the end of training. The process of course completion by 36226 online course participants was analyzed. The main purpose of the study was to identify the factors affecting the yield parameter. The data obtained in the study suggest that the design of online courses does not affect the learning effectiveness and the yield parameter. We attribute such results to the fact that “instructional presence” and “social presence” are almost completely absent in the online learning process, as interaction with the instructor and other learners is minimized. “Cognitive presence” formed through interaction with the educational material is insufficient to form the level of engagement necessary to complete the learning. The study also identified the main points of “falling out” of learners from the educational process and formulated the strategies that learners resort to. The obtained data indicate that the parameter of profitability and effectiveness of online learning is most influenced by the qualitative (psychological) criteria of learners. The conclusion of this article suggests the main directions for further research, which can contribute to obtaining more complete data on the factors affecting the effectiveness of online learning.

This article offers a review of the concepts of “Internet Governance”, as well as the role of information systems and advanced technologies in them. The article attempts to analyze the barriers and threats in this direction, as well as to identify a qualitatively new pattern (“phase pattern”) of information systems in the Internet space and integrate it into the concept of “Internet Governance”. Threats such as Darknet “dark internet”, “blockchain” opposition, instability of internet connection, etc. are also given. The author cited the existing analytics on the concept of “Internet Governance”, and also formulated theoretical and applied regularity, which is important to take into account in the further development of information systems and risk assessment in the formation of international information ecosystem with the use of advanced technologies. The article provides normative-legal mechanisms of the concept realization and substantiation of its significance in the conditions of legal uncertainty. The phases of information systems development are considered in detail, as well as the characteristic features of each phase and their role in the formation of information systems. The author cited generalizing documents on the concepts of “Internet Governance” to substantiate his positions, and also considered the possibilities of information systems development, taking into account the individual national experience (operation of the “Gostech” system and other ecosystems). The article attempts to highlight the system-wide approach to information systems and the possibility of their reaching the international level within the framework of the general concept of “Internet Governance”.